Declarations in support of OA

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This list is part of the Open Access Directory.

  • This is a list of declarations, principles, and public statements in support of open access. It's not designed for statements limited to the positions of individual organizations.
  • When possible, please include the date and sponsoring organization(s) or author(s).
  • Chronological.

1964

  • June 1964. The Declaration of Helsinki. From the World Medical Association (WMA) for changes in medical research that involve human subjects, in which patients who participate in a medical study "are entitled to be informed about the outcome of the study and to share any benefits that result from it."
    • Also see the new version of the Declaration of Helsinki (below, November 2008).

1991

1996

  • February 28, 1996. The Bermuda Principles (perma.cc). From the participants at the International Strategy Meeting on Human Genome Sequencing. The principles assert that "all human genomic sequence information, generated by centres funded for large-scale human sequencing, should be freely available and in the public domain". The U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) adopted the Bermuda principles as policy (perma.cc) for all US-funded research on April 9, 1996.
    • Also see the Fort Lauderdale Statement (below, January 2003) and Amsterdam Principles (below, July 2009), reaffirming and extending the Bermuda Principles.

1999

2000

2001

2002

  • February 14, 2002. Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI). From a meeting convened by the Open Society Institute (Budapest, December 1-2, 2001).
    • Also see the reaffirmation and extension of the BOAI 10 years later (below, September 2012), and 15 years later (below, February 2017).

2003

  • January 15, 2003. The Fort Lauderdale Statement. Reaffirming and extending the Bermuda Principles from February 1996 (above). From the participants in a meeting sponsored by the Wellcome Trust (Fort Lauderdale, Florida, January 14–15, 2003.)

2004

2005

2006

  • October 27, 2006. The Declaration of Mexico, recommending open access policies to Latin American universities and governments. From participants in a Mexico City conference.

2007

2008

2009

  • May 2, 2009. The Student Statement on The Right to Research (Right to Research Coalition). From the American Medical Student Association, Student PIRGs, Students for Free Culture, Universities Allied for Essential Medicines, California Institute of Technology Graduate Student Council, and Trinity University Association of Student Representatives.
  • July 6, 2009. The Amsterdam principles on sharing proteomics data, updating the Bermuda principles (see 1996, above). Arising from a 2008 conference (International Summit on Proteomics Data Release and Sharing Policy, Amsterdam, August 14, 2008), but apparently not published until July 2009.
  • September 10, 2009. The Toronto Statement on pre-publication data sharing. From participants in the Toronto International Data Release Workshop (Toronto, May 2009).
  • November 27, 2009. The Manchester Manifesto. From philosopher John Harris, Nobel-winning biologist Sir John Sulston, and 48 others from the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation (iSEI) at The University of Manchester. Also see iSEI's related web site, Who Owns Science?

2010

  • October 27, 2010. Participants at a meeting sponsored by CODATA International and the South African National Research Foundation (Stellenbosch, South Africa on October 24-27, 2010) released the Cape Town Declaration on the importance of open data in research. (Don't confuse this with the Cape Town Open Education Declaration from January 2008, above.)
  • November 11, 2010. The Bogotà Declaration. From the institutional partners in Project NECOBELAC (representing six countries in Europe and Latin America), and the participants in a NECOBELAC training course (Curso internacional de formación de capacitadores NECOBELAC, Bogotà, November 9-11, 2010).

2011

  • February, 2011. The Ghent Declaration. From four participants at the meeting to launch OpenAIRE (Ghent, December 1, 2010) and released in February 2011. The authors are Gregor Hagedorn, Frederick Friend, Jean-Claude Guédon, and John Willinsky.

2012

  • 2012. Cost of Knowledge. "Boycott of Elsevier by many mathematicians (and other academics)."

2013

  • April 2013. Science Europe Principles on Open Access to Research Publications. "Science Europe is committed to playing a role in accomplishing the transition to Open Access as quickly as possible, in an efficient and sustainable way, and thus avoiding unnecessary costs. This transition process must be as co-ordinated and transparent as possible." The principles were updated in May 2015.

2014

2015

  • August 26, 2015. Manila Declaration on the Availability and use of Health Research Information in and for Low-and Middle-Income Countries in the Asia Pacific Region. "Agreed at the joint conference of APAME (Asia Pacific Association of Medical Editors) and COHRED (Council on Health Research for Development)."

2016

  • March 14, 2016. Dakar Declaration on Open Science in Africa. Declaration "prepared for and signed by the participants to the Sci-GaIA Workshop on “Promoting Open Science in Africa”, to the 2nd TANDEM Workshop and to the WACREN Conference 2016" hosted in Dakar, Senegal. Declaration focused on supporting Open Science in Africa.
  • March 21, 2016. OA2020 Expression of Interest in the large-scale implementation of open access to scholarly journals. Signed by Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Institute of Health Carlos III, etc.
  • April 26-28, 2016. Munyonyo Declaration. Statement on improving public health and understanding by sharing information, promoting literacy, and developing professional standards in Uganda by researchers, librarians, policy makers, and other stakeholders.
  • May 19, 2016. Chania Declaration. A vision statement released during Open Harvest 2016, with the goal of developing a cohesive framework for e-infrastructures for 'agricultural research, extension and development.'
  • July 19, 2016. Bratislava Declaration of Young Researchers. Declaration published by 10 young-career scientists as part of a discussion with ministers from the 28 EU member states and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries about supporting young researchers. Focused on recognizing and enriching "the special role that young researchers play" in the European Union.
  • September 30, 2016. New Delhi Declaration on Education. Statement of continued commitment to "ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities for all," as dictated by the SDG4, from the meeting of BRICS—Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa—Ministers of Education. Also dictates intent of country-specific implementation of SDG4 principles, discussion of need for best practices, encouragement of university involvement, and plans for open access framework, among other related points.
  • October 28, 2016. Bologna Open Recognition Declaration. A call for a universal open architecture for the recognition of lifelong and lifewide learning achievements issued by a coalition of academic stakeholders during the meeting of the ePortfolio and Identity Conference in Bologna.
  • December 6-7, 2016. Declaration of Morocco on Free Educational Resources-OER Morocco Declaration. Developed during the Forum of the Strategy of Free Educational Resources in Morocco and building on the UNESCO Declaration on OER in Paris in 2011 and on the initiative of the European Commissions on the Openness of Education, this Declaration calls on the Moroccan authorities and all sectors of Moroccan education to approve a list of recommendations with the goal of promoting and developing open educational resources.
  • December 13-15, 2016. Lingshui declaration of GLAST. Released by a plenary session with contributions from country representatives and chaired by the GODAN (Global Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition) Secretariat at a conference organized by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science and supported by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and CGIAR, states "Efforts should be made to share data, information, knowledge, and skills to enhance application-oriented agricultural R&D; and to promote extension and rural services in those regions".
  • December 30, 2016. OGP Paris Summit Declaration. Outlines 21 collective actions in which governments can take part to encourage open government globally. Also see the summary of those 21 actions.

2017

  • January 10, 2017. A manifesto for reproducible science. Statement from Springer Nature pledging to adopt measures to optimize key elements of the scientific process including methods, reporting and dissemination, reproducibility, evaluation and incentives (because) improving the reliability and efficiency of scientific research will increase the credibility of the published scientific literature and accelerate discovery.
  • March 2017. Capetown Open Education Declaration After 10 Years. Results of a meeting in Cape Town 10 years after the original 2007 meeting (which released its declaration in January 2008, above), to reflect on the previous 10 years and set direction for the next 10 years.
  • March 1-3, 2017. The Santa Barbara Statement on Collections as Data. Initiated during an Institute of Museum and Library Services national forum at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Provides a set of high level principles to guide collections as data work.
  • April 27, 2017. Open Data Manifest. From Bitkom, of Germany, an industry association of "more than 2,500 companies in the digital economy."
  • May 18, 2017. World Health Organization Joint statement on public disclosure of results from clinical trials. "The signatories of this joint statement affirm that the prospective registration and timely public disclosure of results from all clinical trials is of critical scientific and ethical importance Furthermore timely results disclosure reduces waste in research, increases value and efficiency in use of funds and reduces reporting bias, which should lead to better decision-making in health."
  • June 1, 2017. Open and Collaborative Science Manifesto. Video describes 7 principles identified by OCSDNet, after consultation with scientists, practitioners, and activists, that are essential for a more open and inclusive science in development.
  • July 10, 2017. EOSC Declaration (European Open Science Cloud). Proposes that stakeholders of open science in European Commission member states actively support OA implementation and development of the cloud.
  • August 31, 2017. Statement: First Consortium Assembly from Ibero-America and the Carribean. From Consorcios de Iberoamerica y el Caribe.

2018

  • February 14, 2018. Delhi Declaration on Open Access. This declaration is aimed at scientific communities, scholarly societies, publishers, funding agencies, universities and research institutions in India and South Asia to promote openness in science and research communications and to support Open Access.
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