2014

This list is part of the Open Access Directory.

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• This is a section within the larger list of OA-related Events.
• Chronological order.

January

• Perspectives in understanding open access to research data – infrastructure and technology challenges. Geneva, Switzerland, January 14, 2014.

• Open Access Developments in Latin America with Nicholas Cop. Online, January 14, 2014.

• Getting Started With Open Access. Online, Austin Community College, January 15, 2014.

• Tenth Plenary Session of the Group on Earth Observations (GEO-X) & Geneva Ministerial Summit. Open data is among the topics. Geneva, Switzerland, January 15-17, 2014.

• Open Access: The State of Publishing. Online, January 16, 2014.

• Open Access at the Free University of Berlin. Berlin, Germany, January 16, 2014.

• Help Turn Voices from BBC Radio into Open Data for Wikipedia. London, UK, January 18, 2014.

• Webinar on Knowledge Unlatched. Online, January 21, 2014.

• Open Access: Where Are We Now?. Oregon State University, January 22, 2014.

• Open Access: International and Domestic Policies. Arlington, Virginia, January 22, 2014.

• Knowledge Exchange (KE): ORCiD to Make Your Research Unique & Findable and SAGE Open: Open Access Publishing for You to Choose. Hong Kong, China, January 22, 2014.

• Masters in Publishing: An Interactive online discussion with Elizabeth Marincola, CEO of PLOS. Online, January 23, 2014.

• WIPO Conference on Open Innovation: Collaborative Projects and the Future of Knowledge. Geneva, Switzerland, January 23-24, 2014.

• Making it Count: Big data, the open revolution and public engagement. London, UK, January 1, 2014.

• Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2014. University of Leicester, UK, January 23-25, 2014.

• Here There Be Dragons: Public Access to Federally Funded Research, an ALCTS Midwinter Symposium. Philadelphia, PA, January 24, 2014.

• Couperin Open Access Days. Paris, France, January 24-25, 2014.

• Connecting Articles and Data to Expand Open Access to Research. Philadelphia, PA, January 25, 2014.

• Open Literature Sprint. Online or London, UK, January 25, 2014.

• Academic Publishing in Europe 2014. Berlin, Germany, January 27-29, 2014.

• Extreme Open Access: Scholarly Publication as a Public Infrastructure. Berlin, Germany, January 28, 2014.

• OPEN ACCESS: PRIORITIES, OBSTACLES AND OPPORTUNITIES. Turin, Italy, January 30, 2014.

• Scientific Communication in the Digital Age. OA is among the topics. Kyiv, Ukraine, January 30 - February 1, 2014.

February

• 23ème Journée d’Ethique Médicale Maurice RAPIN en partenariat avec ROCHE. Paris, France, February 7, 2014

• Opening up science to the world: open access models and why they matter. Cambridge, UK, February 10, 2014.

• Discuss Publishing Experiences with HOW: NIH Public Access, Open Access, Authors’ Rights, and Other Publishing Trends. University of Iowa, February 10, 2014.

• KE Workshop Sustainability of Open Access Services. Utrecht, Netherlands, February 10-11, 2014.

• Getting Faculty Excited About Your IR…Really? Really!. Online, February 12, 2014.

• Publish or perish? The future of scholarly publishing and careers. University of California, Davis, February 13, 2014.

• Making it Count: Big data, the open revolution and public engagement. London, UK, February 14, 2014.

• Interrogating Access. Waterloo, ON, Canada, February 15, 2014.

• Interrogating Access: Current and Future Directions for Scholarly Research and Communications in Canada. Waterloo, Ontario, February 15-16, 2014.

• AAAS 2014: Your Genome: To Share or Not To Share?. Chicago, Illinois, February 16, 2014.

• OPEN NOTEBOOK SCIENCE: THE COLLECTION, CURATION AND MODELING OF MELTING POINT DATA. Oklahoma State University, February 17, 2014.

• Open Access Publishing, Author Rights, and Funding Mandates. University of British Columbia, February 18, 2014.

• Your UBC Research: Make It Open Access via cIRcle!. University of British Columbia, February 18, 2014.

• „Really Open Education” – policy discussion. European Parliament, February 18, 2014.
• Free UKSG webinar - Open Access in the Humanities. Online, February 19, 2014.

• Open Access: The Journey So Far. Online, February 20, 2014.

• Open Data Day 2014. Online and local events. February 22, 2014.

• Capitol Code: Open Data Jam. Minneapolis, Minnesota, February 22, 2014.

• Ocean Sciences Meeting 2014. OA os among the topics. Honolulu, Hawaii, February 23-28, 2014.

• OpenAIRE webinar on ZENODO. Online, February 26, 2014.

• Second Conference OpenGeoData Italy. Rome Italy, February 27, 2014.

• Publishing Toolkit for Graduate Students: Authors Rights and Open Access. University of Delaware, February 27, 2014.

• Introduction to open data for journalists: finding stories in data. London, UK, February 27, 2014.

• ScienceOnline Together 2014. OA is among the topics. Raleigh, North Carolina, February 27- March 1, 2014.

March

• SPARC 2014 Open Access Meeting. Kansas City, Kansas, March 3-4, 2014.

• Copyright in Motion - Copyright and Open Access. Online, March 4, 2014.

• Presentation on the Open Access to Research Articles Act. Northern Illinois University, March 4, 2014.

• NISO Two-Part Webinar: The Infrastructure of Open Access -- Part 1: Knowing What is Open. Online, March 5, 2014.

• The ART of the Digital Scholar. Online, March 5, 2014.

• Library Publishing Forum 2014. Kansas City, Missouri, March 5-6, 2014.

• Supporting Undergraduate Success: The Repository as a Curricular Tool. Online, March 6, 2014.

• All you need to know for Open Access Publications. Online, March 6, 2014.

• IRUS-UK: Overview and update. Online, March 10, 2014.

• Smithsonian Lecture on Open Access with Rick Anderson. Wasington, DC, March 10, 2014.

• Open Education Week 2014. Online and local events around the world. March 10-15, 2014.

• P2PU: Intro to Openness in Education Online as part of Open Education Week, March 10-15, 2014.

• Opening science to meet future challenges. Warsaw, Poland, March 11, 2014.

• Introduction to Open Science: some key concepts with HackYourPhD and CogLab. Paris, France, March 11, 2014.

• Jisc Digital Festival. OA is among the topics. March 11-12, 2014.

• Breakfast seminar on Open Access. Molmö University, Sweden, March 12, 2014.

• EFQUEL webinar on the sharing of Open Educational Ideas. Online, March 12,2014.

• Information Day on open access and data management. The Hague, Netherlands, March 12, 2014.

• NISO Two-Part Webinar: The Infrastructure of Open Access -- Part 2: Toward a Functioning Business Ecosystem. Online, March 12, 2014.

• EFQUEL: Recognizing open learning.Online, March 13, 2014.

• The ANFASA Conference. Boksburg, South Africa, March 13-15, 2014.

• Policy Recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe (RECODE)1: Legal and ethical challenges. Amsterdam, Netherlands, March 14, 2014.

• Wikipedia Meets University. University of Vienna, March 15, 2014.

• 247th ACS National Meeting & Exposition. OA is among the topics. Dallas, Texas, March 16-20, 2014.

• Loeb School: open access to information, public’s right to know. Manchester, NH, March 18, 2014.

• Biohackers. The politics of open science. University of Milan, March 18, 2014.

• OpenAIRE compatibility for repositories. Online, March 18, 2014.

• European Data Forum 2014. Athens, Greece, March 19-20, 2014.

• 2014 Global Land Project Open Science Meeting. Berlin, Germany, March 19-21, 2014.

• Launch of Ethiopian Journals Online. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, March 20, 2014.

• Research Hive Seminars 2014: Challenging traditional approaches to scholarly publishing. University of Sussex, UK, March 21, 2014.

• eTextbook in eLearning Conference. Montreal, Canada, March 21, 2014.

• Workshop on DSpace: Open Source Software for Building Digital Repositories/Libraries. Cochin University of Science and Technology, India, March 22 -23, 2014.

• Enabling Access to Research: Open Access at UA. University of Arizona, March 24, 2014.

• Navigating the Complexities of Open Access. Online, March 24, 2014.

• AUTHOR RIGHTS, FUNDING MANDATES, AND OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING. University of British Columbia, March 25, 2014.

• Enhancing the Digital Knowledge Society's Information Needs. Doha, Qatar, March 25-27, 2014.

• Seminar on Open Data and Cultural Archiving. Malmö University, Sweden, March 26, 2014.

• Free UKSG webinar - Funding Body Open Access Requirements. Online, March 26, 2014.

• 2014 AIP Assembly of Society Officers. OA is among the topics. College Park, Maryland, March 27, 2014.

• Launch: School of Data Austria. Vienna, Austria, March 27, 2014

• Academic Publishing 2014 – Research, Publishing & Open Access @ NTU. NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, Singapore, March 27, 2014.

• Sharing is caring: panel discussion on Open Access!. University of Oslo, March 28, 2014.

• Promoting Scholarly Communication through Open Access Journals. SUNY Brockport, March 28, 2014.

• Open Data 1-day training. London, UK, March 28, 2013.

• 2014 Digital Library Conference. OA is among the topics. Jasna, Slovakia, March 31 - April 3, 2014.

• Spring 2014 Coalition for Networked Information Membership Meeting. OA is among the topics. St. Louis, Missouri, March 31 - April 1, 2014.

• CNX 2014: MAKING OER WORK. Rice University, March 31 - April 3, 2014.

April

• Open Access 2014. Växjö, Sweden, April 1-2, 2014.

• Georgica: An Open Access Academic Database on Georgia. Tbilisi State University, April 2, 2014.

• ICT DAYS. OA is among the topics. University of Trento, April 2-4, 2014.

• COAR: Enhancing research visibility through Open Access repositories. Online, April 3, 2014.

• Sunlight Foundation OpenGovernment WikiHack. Washington, DC, April 5-6, 2014.

• Grey Literature and Policy Development: The Pisa Declaration. Pisa, Italy, April 7, 2014.

• What You Need to Know about Writing Data Management Plans. Online, April 7-25, 2014.

• Art and Science, meetings catalyzed by the Open Science. Paris, France, April 8, 2014.

• Emerging Trends in Digital Stewardship Symposium. OA is among the topics. Washington, DC, April 8, 2014.

• Implementing Open Access: Publishing Research Data and Findings. York University, April 9, 2014.

• Open Access Progress and Promise in the CGIAR Consortium. Online, April 10, 2014.

• PICES FUTURE Open Science Meeting. Kohala Coast, Hawaii, USA, April 14-18, 2014.

• Reproducibility, code sharing, and open-source software development. Seattle, Washington, April 16, 2014.

• Discussing the progress of OA in Uganda. Kampala, Uganda, April 17, 2014.

• Big Data, Little Data, No Data: Scholarship in the Networked World. University of Michigan, April 21, 2014.

• The Open Access Task Force Forum. UNC Chapel Hill, April 22, 2014.

• Identification of Early Career Researchers: How Universities and Funding Organizations are Using ORCID. Online, April 23, 2014.

• 2014 OCW Consortium Global Conference. Ljubljana, Slovenia, April 23 - 25, 2014

• Getting Started with Research Data in Your Repository. Online, April 24, 2014.

• Second Conference on Data Journalism and Open Data. Madrid, Spain, April 24-27, 2014.

• Chemical Probe-based Open Science: Uncovering New Human and Plant Biology. State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil, April 28-29, 2014.

• Intellectual Property and Propriety in Scholarly Communication. April, 29, 2014.

• Semantics and Linked Open Data and GeoDeepDive. Online, April 29, 2014.

• Research Without Borders: Open Access in the Americas. Columbia University, NYC, April 29, 2014.

• Webinar: Introduction to open access. Online, April 29, 2014.

May

• Share It Now or Save It For Later: Making Choices about Dissertations and Publishing. CUNY, May 1, 2014.

• NEW Open Forum Brown Bag with Cable Green. University of Hawai'i, May 1, 2014.

• NASIG 29th Annual Conference. OA is among the topics. Ft. Worth, Texas, May 1-4, 2014.

• NEW Electronic Theses and Dissertations and the Publishing Landscape. UC Santa Barbara, May 5, 2014.

• Bournemouth University sector-wide Open Access Event. Bournemouth University, UK, May 7, 2014.

• NEW Psychological science: Innovations in the dissemination of information. Online, May 7, 2014.

• Big Data & Open Data. Brussels, Belgium, May 7-8, 2014.

• NEW How can open data be used for innovation and better patient outcomes in primary care?. Online, May 8, 2014.

• NEW Open Government Partnership: Europe Regional meeting. Dublin, Ireland, May 8-9, 2014.

• NEW Open Access and Society: Impact and Engagement. Washington, DC, May 9, 2014.

• Open Data: The Open Data but to do what ?. Paris, France, May 13, 2014.

• NEW Library Lunch Meeting Publishing Open Access: How to find the right journal. Leiden University, May 13, 2014.

• NEW The mechanics and reality of open access. London, UK, May 13, 2014.

• NEW Open Data Now: How Open Data is Changing Government, Business, and Society. Oxford, UK, May 13, 2014.

• 12th International Conference of Current Research Information Systems (CRIS 2014). Rome, Italy, May 13th – 15th, 2014.

• ETD Workflows: A Bird's Eye View. Online, May 14, 2014.

• RLUK Hack Day. London, UK, May 14, 2014.

• HEFCE's Open Access requirements for REF. Online, June 15, 2014.

• Open Culture: Participatory Practices In Art And Science. Toronto, Canada, May 16-25, 2014.

• Open Access and Society: Impact and Engagement. London, UK, May 19, 2014.

• 'THE BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS OF OPEN ACCESS. University of North Texas, May 19-20, 2014.

• OpenAIRE-COAR 2014 Conference Programme. Athens, Greece, May 20-21, 2014.

• Open Access: Movement to Reality – Putting the pieces together. Athens, Greece, May 20 - 23, 2014.

• Authors Alliance Launch at the Internet Archive. San Francisco, CA, May 21, 2014.

• Open Access showcase event with HEFCE Director David Sweeney. London, UK, May 22, 2014.

• Implementing Creative Commons licences. Online, May 25, 2014.

• The ‘Copyright Pentalogy’: Its effect on fair dealing and Canadian academia. Brock University, May 25, 2014.

• Information OPV - Seminar Open Access. Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, May 25, 2014.

• ' ESWC 2014. OA is among the topics. Anissaras, Crete, Greece, May 25 - May 29, 2014

• An Introduction to Data Management Plans. Online, May 27, 2014.

• INFORUM 2014: Conference on Professional Information Resources. OA is among the topics. Prague, Czech Republic, May 27-28.

• Open Access and the future of academic publishing. Brock University, May 28, 2014.

• Access Copyright: Friend or Foe?. Brock University, May 29, 2014.

June

• OASPA's 1st Asian Conference on Open Access Scholarly Publishing. Bangkok, Thailand, June 2-3, 2014.

• Transparency Practices for Empirical Social Science Research. Berkeley, California, June 2-5, 2014.

• EBOOK AND OPEN ACCESS. Paris, France, June 3, 2014.

• GovHack: promoting open access to our data Online, Australia, June 3, 2014.

• The Openness Paradigm: How Synergies Between Open Access, Open Data, Open Science, Open Source Hardware, Open Drug Discovery Support Development?. Lausanne, Switzerland, June 4-6, 2014.

• ' OER ANNOTATION SUMMIT 2014. Berkeley, California, June 9-10, 2014.

• ALCTS Virtual Preconference focuses on creating successful scholarly communication with an institutional repository. Online, June 10-12, 2014.

• Canberra Skeptics Lecture: Stop blaming open access: what’s wrong with scholarly communication and why it’s not the fault of open access. Canberra, Australia, June 12, 2014.

• Open Repositories 2014. Helsinki, Finland, June 9-13, 2014.

• Openness for Change: Knowledge, Technology and Development- Fourth Annual Workshop of the Access to Knowledge for Development Center (A2K4D). Cairo, Egypt, June 16, 2014.

• Open Access and Research Data drop-in advice session. London, UK, June 16, 2014.

• Open Science: Sustainable movement or passing fad ?. Paris, France, June 17, 2014.

• Open Access and Society: Impact and Engagement. Brussels, Belgium, June 17, 2014.

• ACLAIIR AGM & Seminar 2014. Cambridge, UK, June 17, 2014.

• Open Access Monographs – Oxford forum with publishers and funders. Oxford, UK, June 18, 2014

• Open Access Monographs. Oxford University, UK, June 18, 2014.

• NISO Virtual Conference: Transforming Assessment: Alternative Metrics and Other Trends. Online, June 18, 2014.

• New Perspectives in Scientific Publishing. Leipzig, Germany, June 18, 2014.

• Hackday 2014-06-19 in Edinburgh. Edinburgh, Scotland, June 19, 2014.

• Euroscience Open Forum 2014. Copenhagen, Denmark, June 21-26, 2014.

• Leeds event to consider role of open data in healthcare. University of Leeds, UK, June 23, 2014.

• Open Data Hong Kong. Hong Kong, China, June 23, 2014.

• IMBER Open Science Conference: Future Oceans. Bergen, Norway, June 23-27, 2014.

• Jisc OAIC Free Webinar. Online, June 25, 2014.

• Governing Academic Life. London, UK, June 25-26, 2014.

• Open Access: When Authors Rule. Online, June 26, 2014.

• Open Access, Open Educational Resources and Creative Commons - Legal and economic aspects for publishers and (media) companies. June 27, 2014.

• The secret lives of buildings revealed (with open data). London, UK, June 27, 2014.

• Discovering Open Access Articles: Maximum Access, Maximum Visibility!. Las Vegas, Nevada, June 28, 2014.

• Evaluating the Quality of Open Access Content. Las Vegas, Nevada, June 28, 2014.

• Libraries in the Publishing Game: New Roles from Content to Access. Las Vegas, Nevada, June 28, 2014.

• Metadata Migration to Islandora: Is There An Easy Way?. Las Vegas, Nevada, June 29, 2014.

July

• Success factors of institutional Open Access Policies – Which role(s) for libraries. Riga, Latvia, July 1 , 2014.

• R workshop XVII: Basic. New York, New York, July 1, 2014.

• Present and future of scientific publications. Paris, France, July 2-3, 2014.

• CASRAI: a non-profit initiative to harmonize research information and facilitate interoperability. Online, July 8, 2014.

• Jisc Monitor Use-Case Development Workshop. London, UK, July 8, 2014.

• Open access policy meeting, Kampala. Kampala, Uganda, July 8, 2014.

• New to using open access resources in teaching research methods. Birmingham, UK, June 9, 2014.

• Open data at the UN Development Cooperation Forum. New York, New York, July 10, 2014.

• Jisc and CNI 2014: Opening Up Scholarly Communication. Bristol, UK, July 10, 2014.

• Open Data in Cultural Heritage – OpenGLAM in Germany. Germany, July 15, 2014.

• Open Knowledge Festival (OK Festival 2014). Berlin Germany, July 15-17, 2014.

• Open Science Workshops. Melbourne, Australia, July 19, 2014.

• WikiProject Open Barn Raising 2014. San Francisco, USA and Online, September 19, 2014.

• School of Data Summer Camp. Potsdam, Germany, July 19-21, 2014.

• Open Science for Synthesis Software, Skills for Early Career Scientists. Santa Barbara, CA and Chapel Hill, NC, July 21 - August 8, 2014.

• Can Open Data Boost Economic Growth and Prosperity?. Washington, DC, July 23, 2014.

• Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2014. Leicester, UK, July 23-25, 2014.

• Curating and Managing Research Data for Re-Use. Ann Arbor, Michigan, July 28 - August 1, 2014.

• Repository Fringe 2014. Edinburgh, Scotland, July 30-31, 2014.

• Legal, Technological, and Social Barriers to Free Knowledge. San Francisco, USA, July 31, 2014.

August

• NEW National Conference on “Scholarly Communication and Intellectual Property Rights (SCIPR-2014)”. School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada, India, August 4-5, 2014.

• NEW International Workshop on Open Data for Science and Sustainability in Developing Countries (OpenDataSSDC) . Nairobi, Kenya, August 6-8, 2014.

• NEW Wikimania 2014. London, UK, August 6-10, 2014.

• NEW NIH and OSU Open Access Policies. Oregon State University, USA, August 12, 2014.

• NEW World Weather Open Science Conference. Montreal, Canada, August 16-21, 2014.

• NEW Neuroinformatics 2014. Open data is among the topics. Leiden, Netherlands, August 25-27, 2014.

• NEW XXXIII SCAR Biennial Meetings and Open Science Conference. Auckland, New Zealand, August 25-28, 2014.

• NEW OpenSym 2014, the 10th International Symposium on Open Collaboration and WikiSym 2014, the 10th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration. Berlin, Germany, August 27-29, 2014.

September

• NEW CfP-Fifth Open Source GIS Conference - OSGIS 2014. University of Nottingham, September 2-3, 2014.

• NEW Discovering Open Practices. London, UK, September 4, 2014.

• 8th Open Access Day Cologne. Cologne, Germany, September 8-9, 2014.

• FOSS4G 2014. Portland, Oregon, September 8-13, 2014.

• NEW Are you ready for openness?. Paris, France, September 11, 2014.

• NEW 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MINING SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS. London, UK, September 12, 2014.

• NEW Open Finland 2014 exhibits the opportunities of open data. Helsinki, Finland, September 15-16, 2014.

• NEW THE PLURALITY OF APPROACHES TO THE SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING AND ASSESSMENT. Zadar, Republic of Croatia, September 18-19, 2014.

• NEW ERC Workshop on Research Data Management and Sharing. Brussels, Belgium, September 18-19, 2014.

• NEW 6th Conference on Open Access Scholarly Publishing (COASP). Paris, France, June 17-19, 2014.

• Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage (DIPP 2014). Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, September 18-21, 2014.

• NEW Jisc Monitor Use-Case Development Workshop-2. London, UK, September 19, 2014.

• NEW TRAINING SCHOOL: DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION OF OPEN ACCESS TO SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION AND RESEARCH. Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, September 19-20, 2014.

• NEW ORCID and DataCite: Towards Holistic Open Research. Amsterdam, Netherlands, September 24, 2014.

• NEW Workshop WP5: Policy guidelines for open access and data preservation and dissemination workshop. Amsterdam, Netherlands, September 25, 2014.

• NEW Helmholtz Open Access Workshop. Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, September 29-30, 2014.

• NEW Law Via the Internet (LVI). Cape Town, South Africa, September 29 - October 1, 2014

October

• NEW 8th German Archaeological Conference: Open Access and Open Data in Archaeology. Berlin, Germany, October 6-10, 2014.

• NEW Metadata Intersections: Bridging the Archipelago of Cultural Memory. OA is among the topics. Austin, Texas, October 8-11, 2014.

• NEW Open Science Days 2014. Berlin, Germany, October 13-14, 2014.

• NEW 8 Steps to Implementing Open Educational Resources. Online, October 17, 2014.

• NEW OPEN RESEARCH DATA: THE FUTURE OF SCIENCE. Zurich, Switzerland, October 28, 2014.

• NEW Free Workshop: Horizon 2020 Open Science, Open Data. Bruges, Belgium, October 29-30, 2014.

November

• Bucknell Digital Scholarship Conference. OA is among the topics. Bucknell University, November 14-16, 2014.

• NEW OpenCon 2014. Washington, DC, November 15-17, 2014.

• NEW 9th Annual Munin Conference on Scholarly Publishing. UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway, November 26–27, 2014.

• NEW THE 8TH METADATA AND SEMANTICS RESEARCH CONFERENCE (MTSR 2014) SPECIAL TRACK ON METADATA & SEMANTICS FOR OPEN REPOSITORIES, RESEARCH INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND DATA INFRASTRUCTURES. Karlsruhe, Germany, November 27-29, 2014.

• CILA2014 / International Symposium: "Open access and scientific research: towards new values". Tunis, Tunisia, November 27-28, 2014.

December

• NEW PASTEUR4OA Europe-wide project meeting of national experts. London, UK, December 2-3, 2014.

• NEW The Academic Librarian in the Open Access Future. New York, New York, December 5, 2015.